INTRODUCTION - ix
STARTING SALARIES - 1
Inexperienced Graduates
TABLE 1: Bachelors by Academic Major - 4
TABLE 2: Bachelors by Curriculum - 5
TABLE 3: Doctoral Scientists and Engineers by Discipline and Employment Sector - 5
Chemists
TABLE 4: Bachelors Graduates by Sex and Year - 6
TABLE 5: Postdoctoral Fellows by Employer - 7
TABLE 6: by Degree Level and Employer Size - 7
TABLE 7: by Highest Degree and Employer Type - 8
TABLE 8: by Degree Level and Length of Work Experience - 8
TABLE 9: by Degree Level and Degree Specialty - 9
TABLE 10: by Degree Level and Industry Type - 9
TABLE 11: by Highest Degree and Geographic Region - 10
TABLE 12: by Highest Degree and Work Function - 11
TABLE 13: by Highest Degree and Sex - 11
TABLE 14: by Employer Type, Degree Level and Sex - 12
Chemical Engineers
TABLE 15: by Degree Level and Type of Industry - 12
TABLE 16: by Highest Degree and Employer Type - 13
TABLE 17: by Highest Degree and Geographic Region - 14
TABLE 18: by Highest Degree and Work Function - 15
TABLE 19: by Degree Level and Length of Work Experience - 15
TABLE 20: by Degree Level and Employer Size - 16
Information Technology Personnel
TABLE 21: by Position - 16
Mathematicians
TABLE 22: by Type of Employer or Activity - 19
TABLE 23: by Type of Employer or Activity and Sex - 19
Physicists
TABLE 24: by Degree Level and Employer Type - 20
Psychologists
TABLE 25: Doctorates in Psychology by Position - 20
Nonsupervisory Employees Engaged in R&D Activities
TABLE 26: Bachelors Graduates by Working-As-Occupation - 21
TABLE 27: Bachelors Graduates by Field of Highest Degree - 21
Other Scientists
TABLE 28: New Political Science Faculty by Type of Department and Degree Level - 22
TABLE 29: Scientists and Engineers by Field, Type of Employer and Degree - 23
SALARIES OF EXPERIENCED SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL PERSONNEL - 24
Doctoral Scientists and Engineers
TABLE 30: by Field of Degree and Age - 33
TABLE 31: by Field of Degree, Sex and Age - 34
TABLE 32: by Field and Sector of Employment - 35
TABLE 33: by Field of Degree, Sex and Sector of Employment - 36
TABLE 34: by Field of Degree, Sex and Race/Ethnicity - 37
TABLE 35: by Field of Degree, Sex and Primarily Work Activity - 38
TABLE 36: by Field of Degree and Year of Doctorate - 39
TABLE 37: by Field of Degree, Gender, and Sector of Employment - 40
TABLE 38: by Field of Degree and Primary Work Activity - 41
TABLE 39: by Broad Occupation and Geographic Location - 42
TABLE 40: by Broad Field of Doctorate and Geographic Location - 42
TABLE 41: by Broad Occupation and State - 43
TABLE 42: by Field of Doctorate and State - 44
TABLE 43: by Occupation, Ethnicity, and Sex - 46
TABLE 44: by Field of Degree and Citizenship - 47
TABLE 45: by Field of Doctorate and Place of Birth - 48
TABLE 46: by Field of Degree and Occupation - 48
Recent Graduates in Science and Engineering
TABLE 47: Bachelors and Masters by Field of Degree, Degree Level, Race/Ethnicity and Sex - 49
TABLE 48: Bachelors and Masters by Field of Degree - 50
TABLE 49: Baccalaureates by Field of Degree, Race/Ethnicity and Sex - 51
TABLE 50: Masters by Field of Degree, Race/Ethnicity, and Sex - 52
TABLE 51: Bachelors and Masters by Field of Degree and Employment Sector - 53
TABLE 52: Bachelors and Masters by Occupation and Type of Employer - 54
TABLE 53: Bachelors and Masters by Occupation, Sex and Race/Ethnicity - 55
TABLE 54: Bachelors and Masters by Field of Degree and Age - 56
TABLE 55: Bachelors and Masters by Occupation and Age - 57
TABLE 56: Bachelors and Masters by Field of Degree and Primary Work Activity - 58
TABLE 57: Bachelors and Masters by Occupation and Primary Work Activity - 59
Scientists and Engineers in Research and Development
TABLE 58: by Job Position and Discipline - 60
TABLE 59: by Job Position and Metropolitan Area and Vicinity - 61
TABLE 60: by Job Position and Selected States - 62
TABLE 61: by Job Position and Geographic Region - 63
TABLE 62: by Job Position and Type of Employer - 64
TABLE 63: by Job Position and Work Function - 65
TABLE 64: by Job Position and Level of Education - 65
TABLE 65: by Job Position and Length of Experience - 66
Nonsupervisory Scientists and Engineers in Research and Development
TABLE 66: Bachelors by Working-as-Occupation and Years Since First Degree - 67
TABLE 67: Masters by Working-as-Occupation and Years Since First Degree - 68
TABLE 68: Doctorate by Working-As-Occupation and Years Since First Degree - 69
TABLE 69: by Working-as-Occupation and Degree Level - 70
TABLE 70: by Degree Level, Employment Sector and Years Since First Degree - 71
TABLE 71: by Degree Level and Employment Sector - 72
TABLE 72: by Degree Level and Geographic Region - 72
TABLE 73: by Highest Degree, Degree level and Years Since First Degree - 73
TABLE 74: by Degree Level and Highest Degree Field - 74
Supervisory Scientists and Engineers Employed in Research and Development
TABLE 75: by Type of Industry - 74
TABLE 76: by Working-as-Occupation and Supervisory Position - 75
TABLE 77: by Supervisory Position and Highest Degree Field - 75
TABLE 78: by Supervisory Position and Employment Sector - 76
TABLE 79: by Supervisory Position and Geographic Region - 76
TABLE 80: by Supervisory Position and Research Type - 76
All Scientists and Engineers Employed in Research and Development
TABLE 81: by Discipline and Position - 77
TABLE 82: by Position and Region - 77
TABLE 83: by Position and Education - 77
TABLE 84: by Position and Type of Research - 77
Chemists
TABLE 85: and Chemical Engineers by Degree Level and Year of B.S. - 78
TABLE 86: by Geographic Region and Degree Level - 79
TABLE 87: by Region, Sex and Age - 79
TABLE 88: by Type of Industry - 80
TABLE 89: in Industry, by Years Since B.S., Degree Level and Sex - 81
TABLE 90: in Government, by Years since B.S., Degree Level, and Sex - 82
TABLE 91: by Years Since B.S. and Degree Level - 83
TABLE 92: by Type of Employer and Degree Level and Sex - 83
TABLE 93: by Type of Employer and Years of Experience - 84
TABLE 94: by Work Function and Degree level - 85
TABLE 95: by Type of Employer, Degree level, Gender and Race/Ethnicity - 86
TABLE 96: by Size of Company and Sex - 86
TABLE 97: by Work Specialty and Degree Level - 87
Professional Geologists
TABLE 98: by Highest Degree Earned - 87
TABLE 99: by Metropolitan Area - 88
TABLE 100: by State - 89
TABLE 101: by Geographic Region - 90
TABLE 102: by Type of Employer - 90
TABLE 103: by Geological Specialty - 91
TABLE 104: by Length of Experience - 92
TABLE 105: by Size of Organization - 92
TABLE 106: by Level of Responsibility - 93
Geoscientists
TABLE 107: by Years of Experience - 93
TABLE 108: by Degree Level and Years of Experience - 94
TABLE 109: by Geographic Region - 94
TABLE 110: by State - 95
TABLE 111: by Metropolitan Area - 96
TABLE 112: by Primary Geoscientific Specialty - 97
TABLE 113: by Industry or Service of Employer - 98
TABLE 114: by Level of Education and Length of Experience - 99
TABLE 115: by Age and Sex - 99
TABLE 116: by Job Position - 100
Pharmaceutical Scientists
TABLE 117: in Industry by Job Specialty - 100
TABLE 118: in Industry by Field of Highest Degree - 101
TABLE 119: in Industry and Academia by Type of Degree and Years of Experience - 101
TABLE 120: by Type of Position - 102
Psychologists
TABLE 121: PhDs by Employment Setting - 103
TABLE 122: Masters by Employment Setting - 103
TABLE 123: by Type of Position and Metropolitan Area - 104
TABLE 124: by Type of Position and State - 105
TABLE 125: by Type of Position and Geographic Region - 106
TABLE 126: by Type of Position and Years of Experience - 107
TABLE 127: by Type of Position, Gender, and Years of Experience - 108
TABLE 128: by Years of Experience, Sex and Race/Ethnicity - 109
Physicists
TABLE 129: by Employment Sectors, Years Since PhD and Sex - 110
TABLE 130: by Major Employment Sector and Degree Level - 110
TABLE 131: by Geographic Region and Employment Sector - 111
TABLE 132: by Selected Metropolitan Areas - 111
TABLE 133: by Selected States - 112
TABLE 134: by Employment Sector and Years Since PhD - 113
TABLE 135: Masters, by Selected Employment Sector and Years Since Degree - 114
TABLE 136: by Years Since Degree and Primary Work Activity - 115
Information Technology Personnel
TABLE 137: by Job Title and Selected Geographic Areas - 116
TABLE 138: by Company Size - 117
TABLE 139: by Type of Position - 118
TABLE 140: by Type of Position - 119
TABLE 141: by Job Title and Geographic Location - 120
TABLE 142: by Job Title - 121
TABLE 143: by Job Title and Type of Employer - 123
TABLE 144: by Job Title and Level of Education - 125
TABLE 145: by Job Title and Length of Experience - 127
TABLE 146: by Job Title and Geographic Area - 129
TABLE 147: by Job Title and Geographic Area - 131
TABLE 148: by Job Title - 133
IT Personnel by Job Title, Geographic Area and Level
TABLE 149: Applications Systems Analysts/Programmers - 135
TABLE 150: Software Development Programmer/Analysts - 135
TABLE 151: Technical Writers - 135
TABLE 152: Software Systems Engineers - 136
TABLE 153: Customer Service Representatives - 136
TABLE 154: Computer Operators - 136
TABLE 155: Network Control Technicians - 137
TABLE 156: Data Processing Personnel Employed in Manufacturing by Position - 137
Accounting/Financial
TABLE 157: by Level of Education and Position - 137
TABLE 158: by Length of Experience and Position - 138
TABLE 159: by Geographic Region and Position - 138
TABLE 160: by Metropolitan Area and Position - 139
TABLE 161: by Selected States and Position - 140
TABLE 162: by Type of Organization and Position - 141
TABLE 163: by Title and Level of Responsibility - 142
Scientists, Engineers and Related Personnel
TABLE 164: White-Collar Workers by Occupation and Geographic Area - 143
TABLE 165: Occupations Employing 50,000 or More by Sex - 144
TABLE 166: Selected Occupations by Degree Level - 146
TABLE 167: Scientific Personnel by Type of Position - 147
SALARIES OF ENGINEERS - 148
TABLE 168: by Employment Group - 153
TABLE 169: by Highest Degree and Supervisory Status - 153
TABLE 170: by Employment Group and Selected Years Since Baccalaureate - 154
TABLE 171: by Highest Degree and Selected Years Since Baccalaureate - 155
TABLE 172: by Selected Metropolitan Area and Selected Years Since Baccalaureate - 155
TABLE 173: by Geographic Area and Selected Years Since Baccalaureate - 156
TABLE 174: by Geographic Region - 157
TABLE 175: by Size of Employer and Years Since Baccalaureate - 157
Professional Engineers
TABLE 176: by Level of Education - 158
TABLE 177: by Level of Education and Length of Experience - 158
TABLE 178: by Metropolitan Area - 159
TABLE 179: by Geographic Region - 160
TABLE 180: by Branch of Engineering - 160
TABLE 181: by Branch of Engineering and Length of Experience - 161
TABLE 182: by Industry or Service of Employer - 162
TABLE 183: by Job Function and Length of Experience - 163
TABLE 184: by Job Function - 164
TABLE 185: by Supervisory Status - 164
TABLE 186: by Highest Degree Earned, Length of Experience, and Sex - 165
TABLE 187: by Highest Degree Earned, Length of Experience, and Ethnicity - 166
Chemical Engineers in Industry
TABLE 188: by Age - 166
TABLE 189: by Degree Level and year of B.S. - 167
TABLE 190: by Industry - 168
TABLE 191: by Job Function - 169
TABLE 192: by Company Size - 170
TABLE 193: by Years of Experience - 170
TABLE 194: by State/Territory - 171
TABLE 195: by Highest Degree Earned and Sex - 172
TABLE 196: by Years of Experience and Sex - 172
TABLE 197: by Age and Gender - 173
TABLE 198: by Highest Degree, Type of Employer and Sex - 173
Industrial Engineers
TABLE 199: by Years of Experience - 174
TABLE 200: by Primary Activity or Specialty - 174
TABLE 201: by Type of Employer - 175
TABLE 202: by Size of Organization - 176
TABLE 203: by Highest Degree Earned - 176
TABLE 204: by Primary Job Function - 176
TABLE 205: by Metropolitan/Geographic Area - 177
TABLE 206: by Sex and Ethnicity - 178
Engineers in Manufacturing
TABLE 207: by Type of Engineer and Metropolitan Area - 178
TABLE 208: by Geographic Region - 179
TABLE 209: by Type of Engineer and State - 180
TABLE 210: by Type of Engineer and Type of Product Manufactured - 181
TABLE 211: by Type of Engineer and Size of Organization - 183
TABLE 212: by Position Title - 184
TABLE 213: by Type of Engineer - 185
IEEE Members Employed in Primary Area of Technical Competence
TABLE 214: by Industry Sector - 185
TABLE 215: by Ethnic Background - 186
TABLE 216: by Highest Degree Level - 186
TABLE 217: by Geographic Region - 186
TABLE 218: by Selected States - 187
TABLE 219: by Selected Metropolitan Areas - 188
TABLE 220: by Primary Area of Technical Competence - 189
TABLE 221: by Years of Experience and Sex - 190
TABLE 222: by Years with Present Employer - 190
TABLE 223: by Age Group - 191
TABLE 224: by Job Function - 191
TABLE 225: by Company Size - 192
TABLE 226: by Professional Responsibility Level - 192
TABLE 227: by Type of Employer - 192
Consulting Engineering
TABLE 228: by Type of Work Performed/Supervised/Directed and Staff Position - 193
TABLE 229: by Type of Work Performed/Supervised/Directed and Job Position - 194
TABLE 230: by Level of Education and Job Position - 195
TABLE 231: by Geographic Region and Job Position - 195
TABLE 232: by Level of Education and Staff Job Position - 196
TABLE 233: by Geographic Region and Staff Job Position - 196
TABLE 234: by State and Staff Job Position - 197
TABLE 235: by State and Job Position - 198
Petroleum Engineers
TABLE 236: by Years of Experience and Selected Years - 199
TABLE 237: by Years of Experience and Job Classification - 199
All Engineers
TABLE 238: by Position Title and Selected Geographic Area - 200
SALARIES OF TECHNICIANS - 201
All Technicians in Research and Development
TABLE 239: by Discipline - 202
TABLE 240: by Years of Experience - 202
TABLE 241: by Level of Education - 203
TABLE 242: by Selected States - 203
TABLE 243: by Geographic Region - 204
TABLE 244: by Metropolitan Area - 204
TABLE 245: by Type of Employer - 205
TABLE 246: by Work Function - 205
Engineering Technicians in Research and Development
TABLE 247: by Type of Employer - 206
TABLE 248: by Geographic Region - 206
TABLE 249: by Level of Education - 206
TABLE 250: by Work Function - 207
TABLE 251: by Years of Experience - 207
Technicians and Drafters in Manufacturing
TABLE 252: by Position Title - 207
Technicians in Independent Laboratories
TABLE 253: by Level of Education - 208
TABLE 254: by Length of Experience - 208
TABLE 255: by Position Title - 208
TABLE 256: by Geographic Region - 209
TABLE 257: by Selected Metropolitan Areas - 209
TABLE 258: by Selected States - 210
TABLE 259: by type of Work Performed/Supervised/Directed - 211
TABLE 260: by Type of Service Provided by Employer - 211
FEDERAL SALARIES - 212
TABLE 261: General Schedule by Grade and Step Level, January 2001 - 214
TABLE 262: Number and Average Salaries by Occupation, Sex and Minority Status
Engineering - 215
Physical Sciences - 216
Education - 216
Life Sciences - 217
Health-Related - 218
Mathematics-Related - 219
Social Sciences - 219
Other Professional Fields - 219
Technicians - 220
TABLE 263: Number and Average Salaries by Occupation and Ethnicity
Engineering - 221
Physical Sciences - 222
Education - 222
Life Sciences - 223
Health-Related - 224
Mathematics-Related - 225
Social Sciences - 225
Other Professional Fields - 225
Technicians - 226
TABLE 264: Special Rates for Engineers by GS Grade and Step - 227
FACULTY SALARIES - 228
All Faculty in Higher Education
TABLE 265: Average Faculty Salaries by Discipline and Rank
Agricultural Business and Production - 234
Conservation and Renewable Natural Resources - 234
Architecture and Related Programs - 234
Communications - 235
Computer and Information Sciences - 235
Education - 235
Engineering - 235
Engineering-Related Technologies - 236
Foreign Languages and Literatures - 236
TABLE 265: Average Faculty Salaries by Discipline and Rank
Law and Legal Studies - 236
English Language and Literature/Letters - 236
Biological Sciences/Life Sciences - 237
Mathematics - 237
Physical Sciences - 238
Psychology - 238
Social Sciences and History - 238
Visual and Performing Arts - 238
Business Management and Administrative Services - 239
Health Professions and Related Sciences - 239
TABLE 266: by Academic Rank, Category and Type of Affiliation - 240
TABLE 267: Compensation, by Academic Rank, Category and Type of Affiliation - 241
TABLE 268: by Academic Rank, Category, Type of Affiliation and Sex - 242
TABLE 269: by Academic Rank, Category and Geographic Region - 243
TABLE 270: in Medical Schools by Department, Affiliation and Rank - 244
TABLE 271: Salary, Compensation and Percent Tenured by Academic Rank - 245
Full-time Instructional Faculty
TABLE 272: by Academic Rank and Type of Institution on 9-10 Month Contracts - 245
TABLE 273: by Academic Rank, and Level of Institution on 9-10 Month Contracts - 246
TABLE 274: by Academic Rank, Control and Level of Institution on 9-10 Month Contracts - 246
TABLE 275: by Academic Rank and Sex - 247
TABLE 276: by Academic Rank and State - 248
TABLE 277: by Academic Rank, State and Sex - 249
Doctoral Scientists and Engineers
TABLE 278: by Field of Doctorate and Academic Rank - 250
TABLE 279: by Field of Doctorate, Gender and Tenure Status - 251
TABLE 280: by Field of Doctorate and Race/Et6hnicity - 252
TABLE 281: by Field of Doctorate and Primary Work Activity - 253
Chemists
TABLE 282: by Work Function, Length of Contract and Academic Rank - 254
TABLE 283: by Years Since PhD and Academic Rank - 254
TABLE 284: by Work Specialty and Academic Rank - 255
TABLE 285: by Length of Contract, Academic Rank and Sex - 255
TABLE 286: by Type of Institution, Institutional Control, Length of Contract and Academic Rank - 256
TABLE 287: by Length of Contract and Academic Rank - 256
TABLE 288: by Geographic Region and Academic Rank on 9-10 Month Contracts - 257
TABLE 289: by Geographic Region and Academic Rank on 11-12 Month Contracts - 257
TABLE 290: by Length of Contract, Academic Rank and Tenure Status - 258
TABLE 291: by Years Since PhD and Academic Rank on 11-12 Month Contracts - 258
TABLE 292: by Highest Degree, Sex and Years Since Baccalaureate - 259
TABLE 293: by Sex, Type of Institution and Tenure Status - 259
TABLE 294: by Work Specialty and Academic Rank on 11-12 Month Contracts - 260
TABLE 295: of Postdoctorates by Sex and Type of Employer - 260
TABLE 296: Stipends of Postdoctoral Fellows by Institutional Control - 261
TABLE 297: Stipends of Postdoctoral Fellows by Type of Employer - 261
Physicists
TABLE 298: PhDs in Four-Year Colleges on 9-10 Month Contracts by Academic Rank - 262
TABLE 299: PhDs in Universities by Length of Contract and Years Since Degree - 262
TABLE 300: PhDs in Universities by Academic Rank and Length of Contract - 262
Mathematicians
TABLE 301: by Rank and Type of Institution - 263
Computer Scientists/Engineers
TABLE 302: on 9-10 Month Contracts by Academic Rank - 264
TABLE 303: on 9-10 Month Contracts by Faculty Status/Position - 264
Geoscientists
TABLE 304: by Type of Academic Institution - 264
TABLE 305: by Academic Rank/Position - 265
TABLE 306: by Length of Experience - 265
TABLE 307: by Geographic Region - 265
TABLE 308: by State - 266
TABLE 309: by Metropolitan Area - 267
TABLE 310: by Primary Geoscientific Specialty - 268
TABLE 311: by Age and Sex - 269
Psychologists
TABLE 312: by Gender, Rank, and Years in Rank in PhD Departments - 269
TABLE 313: by Gender, Rank, and Years in Rank in Masters Departments - 270
TABLE 314: by Type of Department, Rank, and Years in Rank in PhD Departments - 270
TABLE 315: by Geographic Region, Rank, and Years in Rank in PhD Departments - 271
TABLE 316: by Geographic Region, Rank, and Years in Rank in Masters Departments - 272
TABLE 317: by Type of Department, Rank and Years in Rank - 273
TABLE 318: by Type and Control of Department - 273
TABLE 319: by Academic Rank - 274
TABLE 320: by Employment Setting and Academic Rank - 274
TABLE 321: of Masters Level Faculty by Academic Rank - 275
TABLE 322: Selected Administrative Positions in U.S. Departments of Psychology - 275
Pharmaceutical Scientists/Pharmacists
TABLE 323: of Pharmaceutical Scientists by Rank - 275
TABLE 324: Pharmacy Faculty by Discipline, Gender and Appointment Year - 276
TABLE 325: Pharmacy Faculty by Appointment Year, Rank, Years in Rank, and Gender - 277
TABLE 326: Pharmacy Faculty by Type of Institution, Appointment Year, Rank, and Sex - 278
TABLE 327: Pharmacy Faculty by Rank, Type of Institution and Appointment Year - 279
TABLE 328: Pharmacy Faculty by Discipline, Academic Rank and Sex - 280
TABLE 329: Pharmacy Faculty by Appointment Year, Highest Degree Earned and Sex - 280
Engineering
TABLE 330: by Academic Rank and Selected Years Since Baccalaureate in All Institutions - 281
TABLE 331: by Academic Rank and Selected Years Since Baccalaureate in Engineering Schools - 282
TABLE 332: by Discipline and Selected Years Since Baccalaureate in Engineering Schools - 282
TABLE 333: by Academic Rank and Length of Contract - 283
Engineering Technology
TABLE 334: by Academic Rank on 9-10 Month Contracts - 284
TABLE 335: by Administrative Position on 12 Month Contracts - 284
Agronomy
TABLE 336: by Rank and Geographic Region - 284
Physiologists
TABLE 337: by Rank, Type of Institution and Gender - 285
TABLE 338: by Rank and Years in Rank - 286
TABLE 339: by Rank and Geographic Region - 286
Nursing
TABLE 340: by Academic Rank, Degree Level, and Geographic Region - 287
TABLE 341: by Academic Rank, Degree Level and Length of Contract - 287
TABLE 342: of Nursing Deans by Type of Institution - 288
TABLE 343: of Nursing Deans by Geographic Region - 288
TABLE 344: of Administrative Nursing Faculty by Position Title and Length of Contract - 288
Political Science
TABLE 345: by Rank and Sex - 289
Business
TABLE 346: by Type of Institution and Position - 289
TABLE 347: by Discipline/Field and Academic Rank - 290
Teachers
TABLE 348: Elementary and Secondary Teachers by State - 291
TABLE 349: Elementary and Secondary Teachers by Geographic Region - 292